home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
Text File | 1991-05-11 | 40.4 KB | 1,063 lines |
- Newsgroups: comp.sources.misc
- From: Dennis Vadura <dvadura@watdragon.waterloo.edu>
- Subject: v19i034: dmake - dmake version 3.7, Part13/37
- Message-ID: <1991May10.185959.22840@sparky.IMD.Sterling.COM>
- Date: Fri, 10 May 1991 18:59:59 GMT
- Approved: kent@sparky.imd.sterling.com
-
- Submitted-by: Dennis Vadura <dvadura@watdragon.waterloo.edu>
- Posting-number: Volume 19, Issue 34
- Archive-name: dmake/part13
- Supersedes: dmake-3.6: Volume 15, Issue 52-77
-
- ---- Cut Here and feed the following to sh ----
- #!/bin/sh
- # this is dmake.shar.13 (part 13 of a multipart archive)
- # do not concatenate these parts, unpack them in order with /bin/sh
- # file dmake/man/dmake.nc continued
- #
- if test ! -r _shar_seq_.tmp; then
- echo 'Please unpack part 1 first!'
- exit 1
- fi
- (read Scheck
- if test "$Scheck" != 13; then
- echo Please unpack part "$Scheck" next!
- exit 1
- else
- exit 0
- fi
- ) < _shar_seq_.tmp || exit 1
- if test -f _shar_wnt_.tmp; then
- sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' >> 'dmake/man/dmake.nc' &&
- X once for the y.tab.h file.
- X
- X
- X All attributes are user setable and except for .UPDATEALL,
- X .SETDIR and .MKSARGS may be used in one of two forms. The
- X .MKSARGS attribute is restricted to use as a global attri-
- X bute, and the use of the .UPDATEALL and .SETDIR attributes
- X is restricted to rules of the second form only.
- X
- X ATTRIBUTE_LIST : targets
- X
- X assigns the attributes specified by ATTRIBUTE_LIST to each
- X target in targets or
- X
- X targets ATTRIBUTE_LIST : ...
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 11
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X assigns the attributes specified by ATTRIBUTE_LIST to each
- X target in targets. In the first form if targets is empty
- X (ie. a NULL list), then the list of attributes will apply to
- X all targets in the makefile (this is equivalent to the com-
- X mon Make construct of ".IGNORE :" but has been modified to
- X the notion of an attribute instead of a special target).
- X Not all of the attributes have global meaning. In particu-
- X lar, .LIBRARY, .SYMBOL, and .UPDATEALL have no assigned glo-
- X bal meaning.
- X
- X Any attribute may be used with any target, even with the
- X special targets. Some combinations are useless (e.g.
- X .INCLUDE .PRECIOUS: ... ), while others are useful (e.g.
- X .INCLUDE .IGNORE : "file.mk" will not complain if file.mk
- X cannot be found using the include file search rules, see the
- X section on SPECIAL TARGETS for a description of .INCLUDE).
- X If a specified attribute will not be used with the special
- X target a warning is issued and the attribute is ignored.
- X
- MACROS
- X dmake supports six types of macro assignment.
- X
- X
- X MACRO = LINE This is the most common and familiar form of
- X macro assignment. It assigns LINE literally
- X as the value of MACRO. Future expansions of
- X MACRO recursively expand its value.
- X
- X MACRO *= LINE This form behaves exactly as the simple '='
- X form with the exception that if MACRO
- X already has a value then the assignment is
- X not performed.
- X
- X MACRO := LINE This form differs from the simple '=' form
- X in that it expands LINE prior to assigning
- X it as the value of MACRO. Future expansions
- X of MACRO do not recursively expand its
- X value.
- X
- X MACRO *:= LINE This form behaves exactly as the ':=' form
- X with the exception that if MACRO already has
- X a value then the assignment and expansion
- X are not performed.
- X
- X MACRO += LINE This form of macro assignment allows macro
- X values to grow. It takes the literal value
- X of LINE and appends it to the previous value
- X of MACRO separating the two by a single
- X space. Future expansions of MACRO recur-
- X sively expand its value.
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 12
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X MACRO +:= LINE This form is similar to the '+=' form except
- X that the value of LINE is expanded prior to
- X being added to the value of MACRO.
- X
- X Macro expressions specified on the command line allow the
- X macro value to be redefined within the makefile only if the
- X macro is defined using the '+=' and '+:=' operators. Other
- X operators will define a macro that cannot be further modi-
- X fied.
- X
- X When dmake defines a non-environment macro it strips leading
- X and trailing white space from the macro value. Macros
- X imported from the environment via either the .IMPORT special
- X target (see the SPECIAL TARGETS section), or the -e, or -E
- X flags are an exception to this rule. Their values are
- X always taken literally and white space is never stripped.
- X In addition, named macros defined using the .IMPORT special
- X target do not have their values expanded when they are used
- X within a makefile. In contrast, environment macros that are
- X imported due to the specification of the -e or -E flags are
- X subject to expansion when used.
- X
- X To specify a macro expansion enclose the name in () or {}
- X and precede it with a dollar sign $. Thus $(TEST)
- X represents an expansion of the macro variable named TEST.
- X If TEST is defined then $(TEST) is replaced by its expanded
- X value. If TEST is not defined then $(TEST) expands to the
- X NULL string (this is equivalent to defining a macro as
- X 'TEST=' ). A short form may be used for single character
- X named macros. In this case the parentheses are optional,
- X and $(I) is equivalent to $I. Macro expansion is recursive,
- X hence, if the value string contains an expression represent-
- X ing a macro expansion, the expansion is performed. Circular
- X macro expansions are detected and cause an error to be
- X issued.
- X
- X When defining a macro the given macro name is first expanded
- X before being used to define the macro. Thus it is possible
- X to define macros whose names depend on values of other mac-
- X ros. For example, suppose CWD is defined as
- X
- X CWD = $(PWD:b)
- X
- X then the value of $(CWD) is the name of the current direc-
- X tory. This can be used to define macros specific to this
- X directory, for example:
- X
- X _$(CWD).prt = list of files to print...
- X
- X The actual name of the defined macro is a function of the
- X current directory. A construct such as this is useful when
- X processing a hierarchy of directories using .SETDIR
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 13
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X attributed targets and a collection of small distributed
- X makefile stubs.
- X
- X Macro variables may be defined within the makefile, on the
- X command line, or imported from the environment.
- X
- X dmake supports several non-standard macro expansions: The
- X first is of the form:
- X
- X $(macro_name:modifier_list:modifier_list:...)
- X
- X where modifier_list is chosen from the set { D or d, F or f,
- X B or b, S or s, T or t } and
- X
- X d - directory portion of all path names
- X f - file (including suffix) portion of path names
- X b - file (not including suffix) portion of path names
- X s - simple pattern substitution
- X t - tokenization.
- X
- X Thus if we have the example:
- X
- X test = d1/d2/d3/a.out f.out d1/k.out
- X
- X The following macro expansions produce the values on the
- X right of '-->' after expansion.
- X
- X $(test:d) --> d1/d2/d3/ d1/
- X $(test:b) --> a f k
- X $(test:f) --> a.out f.out k.out
- X ${test:db} --> d1/d2/d3/a f d1/k
- X ${test:s/out/in/:f} --> a.in f.in k.in
- X $(test:f:t"+") --> a.out+f.out+k.out
- X
- X If a token ends in a string composed from the value of the
- X macro DIRBRKSTR (ie. ends in a directory separator string,
- X e.g. '/' in UNIX) and you use the :d modifier then the
- X expansion returns the directory name less the final direc-
- X tory separator string. Thus successive pairs of :d modif-
- X iers each remove a level of directory in the token string.
- X
- X The tokenization modifier takes all white space separated
- X tokens from the macro value and separates them by the quoted
- X separator string. The separator string may contain the fol-
- X lowing escape codes \a => <bel>, \b => <backspace>, \f =>
- X <formfeed>, \n => <nl>, \r => <cr>, \t => <tab>, \v =>
- X <vertical tab>, \" => ", and \xxx => <xxx> where xxx is the
- X octal representation of a character. Thus the expansion:
- X
- X $(test:f:t"+\n")
- X produces:
- X a.out+
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 14
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X f.out+
- X k.out
- X
- X The second non-standard form of macro expansion allows for
- X recursive macros. It is possible to specify a $(macro_name)
- X or ${macro_name} expansion where macro_name contains more $(
- X ... ) or ${ ... } macro expansions itself.
- X
- X For example $(CC$(_HOST)$(_COMPILER)) will first expand
- X CC$(_HOST)$(_COMPILER) to get a result and use that result
- X as the name of the macro to expand. This is useful for
- X writing a makefile for more than one target environment. As
- X an example consider the following hypothetical case. Suppose
- X that _HOST and _COMPILER are imported from the environment
- X and are set to represent the host machine type and the host
- X compiler respectively.
- X
- X CFLAGS_VAX_CC = -c -O # _HOST == "_VAX", _COMPILER == "_CC"
- X CFLAGS_PC_MSC = -c -ML # _HOST == "_PC", _COMPILER == "_MSC"
- X
- X # redefine CFLAGS macro as:
- X
- X CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS$(_HOST)$(_COMPILER))
- X
- X This causes CFLAGS to take on a value that corresponds to
- X the environment in which the make is being invoked.
- X
- X The final non-standard macro expansion is of the form:
- X
- X string1{token_list}string2
- X
- X where string1, string2 and token_list are expanded. After
- X expansion, string1 is prepended to each token found in
- X token_list and string2 is appended to each resulting token
- X from the previous prepend. string1 and string2 are not del-
- X imited by white space whereas the tokens in token_list are.
- X A null token in the token list is specified using "". Thus
- X using another example we have:
- X
- X test/{f1 f2}.o --> test/f1.o test/f2.o
- X test/ {f1 f2}.o --> test/ f1.o f2.o
- X test/{f1 f2} .o --> test/f1 test/f2 .o
- X test/{"f1" ""}.o --> test/f1.o test/.o
- X
- X and
- X
- X test/{d1 d2}/{f1 f2}.o --> test/d1/f1.o test/d1/f2.o
- X test/d2/f1.o test/d2/f2.o
- X
- X This last expansion is activated only when the first charac-
- X ters of token_list appear immediately after the opening '{'
- X with no intervening white space. The reason for this
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 15
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X restriction is the following incompatibility with Bourne
- X Shell recipes. The line
- X
- X { echo hello;}
- X
- X is valid /bin/sh syntax; while
- X
- X {echo hello;}
- X
- X is not. Hence the latter triggers the enhanced macro expan-
- X sion while the former causes it to be suppressed. See the
- X SPECIAL MACROS section for a description of the special mac-
- X ros that dmake defines and understands.
- X
- RULES AND TARGETS
- X A makefile contains a series of entries that specify depen-
- X dencies. Such entries are called target/prerequisite or
- X rule definitions. Each rule definition is optionally fol-
- X lowed by a set of lines that provide a recipe for updating
- X any targets defined by the rule. Whenever dmake attempts to
- X bring a target up to date and an explicit recipe is provided
- X with a rule defining the target, that recipe is used to
- X update the target. A rule definition begins with a line
- X having the following syntax:
- X
- X <targets> [<attributes>] <ruleop> [<prerequisites>] [;<recipe>]
- X
- X targets is a non-empty list of targets. If the target is a
- X special target (see SPECIAL TARGETS section below) then it
- X must appear alone on the rule line. For example:
- X
- X .IMPORT .ERROR : ...
- X
- X is not allowed since both .IMPORT and .ERROR are special
- X targets. Special targets are not used in the construction
- X of the dependency graph and will not be made.
- X
- X attributes is a possibly empty list of attributes. Any
- X attribute defined in the ATTRIBUTES section above may be
- X specified. All attributes will be applied to the list of
- X named targets in the rule definition. No other targets will
- X be affected.
- X
- X
- X NOTE: As stated earlier, if both the target list and
- X prerequisite list are empty but the attributes list
- X is not, then the specified attributes affect all
- X targets in the makefile.
- X
- X
- X ruleop is a separator which is used to identify the targets
- X from the prerequisites. Optionally it also provides a
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 16
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X facility for modifying the way in which dmake handles the
- X making of the associated targets. In its simplest form the
- X operator is a single ':', and need not be separated by white
- X space from its neighboring tokens. It may additionally be
- X followed by any of the modifiers { !, ^, -, : }, where:
- X
- X
- X ! says execute the recipe for the associated targets once
- X for each out of date prerequisite. Ordinarily the
- X recipe is executed once for all out of date prere-
- X quisites at the same time.
- X
- X ^ says to insert the specified prerequisites, if any,
- X before any other prerequisites already associated with
- X the specified targets. In general, it is not useful to
- X specify ^ with an empty list of prerequisites.
- X
- X - says to clear the previous list of prerequisites before
- X adding the new prerequisites. Thus,
- X
- X .SUFFIXES :
- X .SUFFIXES : .a .b
- X
- X can be replaced by
- X
- X .SUFFIXES :- .a .b
- X
- X however the old form still works as expected. NOTE:
- X .SUFFIXES is ignored by dmake it is used here simply as
- X an example.
- X
- X : When the rule operator is not modified by a second ':'
- X only one set of rules may be specified for making a
- X target. Multiple definitions may be used to add to the
- X list of prerequisites that a target depends on. How-
- X ever, if a target is multiply defined only one defini-
- X tion may specify a recipe for making the target.
- X
- X When a target's rule operator is modified by a second
- X ':' (:: for example) then this definition may not be
- X the only definition with a recipe for the target.
- X There may be other :: target definition lines that
- X specify a different set of prerequisites with a dif-
- X ferent recipe for updating the target. Any such target
- X is made if any of the definitions find it to be out of
- X date with respect to the related prerequisites and the
- X corresponding recipe is used to update the target.
- X
- X In the following simple example, each rule has a `::'
- X ruleop. In such an operator we call the first `:' the
- X operator, and the second `:' the modifier.
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 17
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X a.o :: a.c b.h
- X first recipe for making a.o
- X
- X a.o :: a.y b.h
- X second recipe for making a.o
- X
- X If a.o is found to be out of date with respect to a.c
- X then the first recipe is used to make a.o. If it is
- X found out of date with respect to a.y then the second
- X recipe is used. If a.o is out of date with respect to
- X b.h then both recipes are invoked to make a.o. In the
- X last case the order of invocation corresponds to the
- X order in which the rule definitions appear in the
- X makefile.
- X
- X Targets defined using a single `:' operator with a recipe
- X may be redefined again with a new recipe by using a `:'
- X operator with a `:' modifier. This is equivalent to a tar-
- X get having been initially defined with a rule using a `:'
- X modifier. Once a target is defined using a `:' modifier it
- X may not be defined again with a recipe using only the `:'
- X operator with no `:' modifier. In both cases the use of a
- X `:' modifier creates a new list of prerequisites and makes
- X it the current prerequisite list for the target. The `:'
- X operator with no recipe always modifies the current list of
- X prerequisites. Thus assuming each of the following defini-
- X tions has a recipe attached, then:
- X
- X joe : fred ... (1)
- X joe :: more ... (2)
- X
- X and
- X
- X joe :: fred ... (3)
- X joe :: more ... (4)
- X
- X are legal and mean: add the recipe associated with (2), or
- X (4) to the set of recipes for joe, placing them after exist-
- X ing recipes for making joe. The constructs:
- X
- X joe :: fred ... (5)
- X joe : more ... (6)
- X
- X and
- X
- X joe : fred ... (7)
- X joe : more ... (8)
- X
- X are errors since we have two sets of perfectly good recipes
- X for making the target.
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 18
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X prerequisites is a possibly empty list of targets that must
- X be brought up to date before making the current target.
- X
- X recipe is a short form and allows the user to specify short
- X rule definitions on a single line. It is taken to be the
- X first recipe line in a larger recipe if additional lines
- X follow the rule definition. If the semi-colon is present
- X but the recipe line is empty (ie. null string) then it is
- X taken to be an empty rule. Any target so defined causes the
- X Don't know how to make ... error message to be suppressed
- X when dmake tries to make the target and fails. This silence
- X is maintained for rules that are terminated by a semicolon
- X and have no following recipe lines, for targets listed on
- X the command line, for the first target found in the
- X makefile, and for any target having no recipe but containing
- X a list of prerequisites (see the COMPATIBILITY section for
- X an exception to this rule if the AUGMAKE (-A) flag was
- X specified.
- X
- RECIPES
- X The traditional format used by most versions of Make defines
- X the recipe lines as arbitrary strings that may contain macro
- X expansions. They follow a rule definition line and may be
- X spaced apart by comment or blank lines. The list of recipe
- X lines defining the recipe is terminated by a new target
- X definition, a macro definition, or end-of-file. Each recipe
- X line MUST begin with a <TAB> character which may optionally
- X be followed with one or all of the characters '@%+-'. The
- X '-' indicates that non-zero exit values (ie. errors) are to
- X be ignored when this recipe line is executed, the '+' indi-
- X cates that the current recipe line is to be executed using
- X the shell, the '%' indicates that dmake should swap itself
- X out to secondary storage (MSDOS only) before running the
- X recipe and the '@' indicates that the recipe line should NOT
- X be echoed to the terminal prior to being executed. Each
- X switch is off by default (ie. by default, errors are signi-
- X ficant, commands are echoed, no swapping is done and a shell
- X is used only if the recipe line contains a character found
- X in the value of the SHELLMETAS macro). Global settings
- X activated via command line options or special attribute or
- X target names may also affect these settings. An example
- X recipe:
- X
- X target :
- X first recipe line
- X second recipe line, executed independently of the first.
- X @a recipe line that is not echoed
- X -and one that has errors ignored
- X %and one that causes dmake to swap out
- X +and one that is executed using a shell.
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 19
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X The second and new format of the recipe block begins the
- X block with the character '[' (the open group character) in
- X the last non-white space position of a line, and terminates
- X the block with the character ']' (the close group character)
- X in the first non-white space position of a line. In this
- X form each recipe line need not have a leading TAB. This is
- X called a recipe group. Groups so defined are fed intact as
- X a single unit to a shell for execution whenever the
- X corresponding target needs to be updated. If the open group
- X character '[' is preceded by one or all of -, @ or % then
- X they apply to the entire group in the same way that they
- X apply to single recipe lines. You may also specify '+' but
- X it is redundant as a shell is already being used to run the
- X recipe. See the MAKING TARGETS section for a description of
- X how dmake invokes recipes. Here is an example of a group
- X recipe:
- X
- X target :
- X [
- X first recipe line
- X second recipe line
- X all of these recipe lines are fed to a
- X single copy of a shell for execution.
- X ]
- X
- X
- TEXT DIVERSIONS
- X dmake supports the notion of text diversions. If a recipe
- X line contains the macro expression
- X
- X $(mktmp[,[file][,text]] data)
- X
- X then all text contained in the data expression is expanded
- X and is written to a temporary file. The return value of the
- X macro is the name of the temporary file.
- X
- X data can be any text and must be separated from the 'mktmp'
- X portion of the macro name by white-space. The only restric-
- X tion on the data text is that it must contain a balanced
- X number of parentheses of the same kind as are used to ini-
- X tiate the $(mktmp ...) expression. For example:
- X
- X $(mktmp $(XXX))
- X
- X is legal and works as expected, but:
- X
- X $(mktmp text (to dump to file)
- X
- X is not legal. You can achieve what you wish by either
- X defining a macro that expands to '(' or by using {} in the
- X macro expression; like this:
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 20
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X ${mktmp text (to dump to file}
- X
- X Since the temporary file is opened when the macro containing
- X the text diversion expression is expanded, diversions may
- X now be nested and any diversions that are created as part of
- X ':=' macro expansions persist for the duration of the dmake
- X run. The diversion text may contain the same escape codes
- X as those described in the MACROS section. Thus if the data
- X text is to contain new lines they must be inserted using the
- X \n escape sequence. For example the expression:
- X
- X all:
- X cat $(mktmp this is a\n\
- X test of the text diversion\n)
- X
- X is replaced by:
- X
- X cat /tmp/mk12294AA
- X
- X where the temporary file contains two lines both of which
- X are terminated by a new-line. If the data text spans multi-
- X ple lines in the makefile then each line must be continued
- X via the use of a \. A second more illustrative example gen-
- X erates a response file to an MSDOS link command:
- X
- X OBJ = fred.obj mary.obj joe.obj
- X all : $(OBJ)
- X link @$(mktmp $(^:t"+\n")\n)
- X
- X The result of making `all' in the second example is the com-
- X mand:
- X
- X link @/tmp/mk02394AA
- X
- X where the temporary file contains:
- X
- X fred.obj+
- X mary.obj+
- X joe.obj
- X
- X The last line of the file is terminated by a new-line which
- X is inserted due to the \n found at the end of the data
- X string.
- X
- X If the optional file specifier is present then its expanded
- X value is the name of the temporary file to create. Whenever
- X a $(mktmp ...) macro is expanded the macro $(TMPFILE) is set
- X to a new temporary file name. Thus the construct:
- X
- X $(mktmp,$(TMPFILE) data)
- X
- X is completely equivalent to not specifying the $(TMPFILE)
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 21
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X optional argument. Another example that would be useful for
- X MSDOS users with a Turbo-C compiler
- X
- X $(mktmp,turboc.cfg $(CFLAGS))
- X
- X will place the contents of CFLAGS into a local turboc.cfg
- X file. The second optional argument, text, if present alters
- X the name of the value returned by the $(mktmp ...) macro.
- X
- X Under MS-DOS text diversions may be a problem. Many DOS
- X tools require that path names which contain directories use
- X the \ character to delimit the directories. Some users how-
- X ever wish to use the '/' to delimit pathnames and use
- X environments that allow them to do so. The macro USESHELL
- X is set to "yes" if the current recipe is forced to use a
- X shell via the .USESHELL or '+' directives, otherwise its
- X value is "no". The dmake startup files define the macro
- X DIVFILE whose value is either the value of TMPFILE or the
- X value of TMPFILE edited to replace any '/' characters to the
- X appropriate value based on the current shell and whether it
- X will be used to execute the recipe.
- X
- X Previous versions of dmake defined text diversions using <+,
- X +> strings, where <+ started a text diversion and +> ter-
- X minated one. dmake is backward compatible with this con-
- X struct if the <+ and +> appear literally on the same recipe
- X line or in the same macro value string. In such instances
- X the expression:
- X
- X <+data+>
- X
- X is mapped to:
- X
- X $(mktmp data)
- X
- X which is fully output compatible with the earlier construct.
- X <+, +> constructs whose text spans multiple lines must be
- X converted by hand to use $(mktmp ...).
- X
- X If the environment variable TMPDIR is defined then the tem-
- X porary file is placed into the directory specified by that
- X variable. A makefile can modify the location of temporary
- X files by defining a macro named TMPDIR and exporting it
- X using the .EXPORT special target.
- X
- SPECIAL TARGETS
- X This section describes the special targets that are recog-
- X nized by dmake. Some are affected by attributes and others
- X are not.
- X
- X .ERROR If defined then the recipe associated with
- X this target is executed whenever an error
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 22
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X condition is detected by dmake. All attri-
- X butes that can be used with any other target
- X may be used with this target. Any prere-
- X quisites of this target will be brought up to
- X date during its processing. NOTE: errors
- X will be ignored while making this target, in
- X extreme cases this may cause some problems.
- X
- X .EXPORT All prerequisites associated with this target
- X are assumed to correspond to macro names and
- X they and their values are exported to the
- X environment as environment strings at the
- X point in the makefile at which this target
- X appears. Any attributes specified with this
- X target are ignored. Only macros which have
- X been assigned a value in the makefile prior to
- X the export directive are exported, macros as
- X yet undefined are not exported.
- X
- X .IMPORT Prerequisite names specified for this target
- X are searched for in the environment and
- X defined as macros with their value taken from
- X the environment. If the special name .EVERY-
- X THING is used as a prerequisite name then all
- X environment variables defined in the environ-
- X ment are imported. The functionality of the
- X -e flag can be forced by placing the construct
- X .IMPORT : .EVERYTHING at the start of a
- X makefile. Similarly, by placing the construct
- X at the end, one can emulate the effect of the
- X -E command line flag. If a prerequisite name
- X cannot be found in the environment an error
- X message is issued. .IMPORT accepts the
- X .IGNORE attribute. When given, it causes
- X dmake to ignore the above error. See the MAC-
- X ROS section for a description of the process-
- X ing of imported macro values.
- X
- X .INCLUDE Parse another makefile just as if it had been
- X located at the point of the .INCLUDE in the
- X current makefile. The list of prerequisites
- X gives the list of makefiles to try to read.
- X If the list contains multiple makefiles then
- X they are read in order from left to right.
- X The following search rules are used when try-
- X ing to locate the file. If the filename is
- X surrounded by " or just by itself then it is
- X searched for in the current directory. If it
- X is not found it is then searched for in each
- X of the directories specified for the .INCLU-
- X DEDIRS special target. If the file name is
- X surrounded by < and >, (ie.
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 23
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X <my_spiffy_new_makefile>) then it is searched
- X for only in the directories given by the
- X .INCLUDEDIRS special target. In both cases if
- X the file name is a fully qualified name start-
- X ing at the root of the file system then it is
- X only searched for once, and the .INCLUDEDIRS
- X list is ignored. .INCLUDE accepts the .IGNORE
- X and .SETDIR attributes. If .IGNORE attribute
- X is given and the file cannot be found then
- X dmake continues processing, otherwise an error
- X message is generated. The .SETDIR attribute
- X causes dmake to change directories to the
- X specified directory prior to attempting the
- X include operation.
- X
- X .INCLUDEDIRS The list of prerequisites specified for this
- X target defines the set of directories to
- X search when trying to include a makefile.
- X
- X .KEEP_STATE This special target is a synonym for the macro
- X definition
- X
- X .KEEP_STATE := _state.mk
- X
- X It's effect is to turn on STATE keeping and to
- X define _state.mk as the state file.
- X
- X .MAKEFILES The list of prerequisites is the set of files
- X to try to read as the default makefile. By
- X default this target is defined as:
- X
- X .MAKEFILES : makefile.mk Makefile
- X makefile
- X
- X
- X .SOURCE The prerequisite list of this target defines a
- X set of directories to check when trying to
- X locate a target file name. See the section on
- X BINDING of targets for more information.
- X
- X .SOURCE.suff The same as .SOURCE, except that the
- X .SOURCE.suff list is searched first when try-
- X ing to locate a file matching the a target
- X whose name ends in the suffix .suff.
- X
- X .REMOVE The recipe of this target is used whenever
- X dmake needs to remove intermediate targets
- X that were made but do not need to be kept
- X around. Such targets result from the applica-
- X tion of transitive closure on the dependency
- X graph.
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 24
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X In addition to the special targets above, several other
- X forms of targets are recognized and are considered special,
- X their exact form and use is defined in the sections that
- X follow.
- X
- SPECIAL MACROS
- X dmake defines a number of special macros. They are divided
- X into three classes: control macros, run-time macros, and
- X function macros. The control macros are used by dmake to
- X configure its actions, and are the preferred method of doing
- X so. In the case when a control macro has the same function
- X as a special target or attribute they share the same name as
- X the special target or attribute. The run-time macros are
- X defined when dmake makes targets and may be used by the user
- X inside recipes. The function macros provide higher level
- X functions dealing with macro expansion and diversion file
- X processing.
- X
- CONTROL MACROS
- X To use the control macros simply assign them a value just
- X like any other macro. The control macros are divided into
- X three groups: string valued macros, character valued macros,
- X and boolean valued macros.
- X
- X The following are all of the string valued macros. This
- X list is divided into two groups. The first group gives the
- X string valued macros that are defined internally and cannot
- X be directly set by the user.
- X
- X DIRBRKSTR Contains the string of chars used to terminate
- X the name of a directory in a pathname. Under
- X UNIX its value is "/", under MSDOS its value
- X is "/\:".
- X
- X INCDEPTH This macro's value is a string of digits
- X representing the current depth of makefile
- X inclusion. In the first makefile level this
- X value is zero.
- X
- X MFLAGS Is the list of flags that were given on the
- X command line including a leading switch char-
- X acter. The -f flag is not included in this
- X list.
- X
- X MAKECMD Is the name with which dmake was invoked.
- X
- X MAKEDIR Is the full path to the initial directory in
- X which dmake was invoked.
- X
- X MAKEFILE Contains the string "-f makefile" where,
- X makefile is the name of initial user makefile
- X that was first read.
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 25
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X MAKEFLAGS Is the same as $(MFLAGS) but has no leading
- X switch character. (ie. MFLAGS = -$(MAKEFLAGS))
- X
- X MAKEMACROS Contains the complete list of macro expres-
- X sions that were specified on the command line.
- X
- X MAKETARGETS Contains the name(s) of the target(s), if any,
- X that were specified on the command line.
- X
- X MAXPROCESSLIMIT
- X Is a numeric string representing the maximum
- X number of processes that dmake can use when
- X making targets using parallel mode.
- X
- X NULL Is permanently defined to be the NULL string.
- X This is useful when comparing a conditional
- X expression to an NULL value.
- X
- X PWD Is the full path to the current directory in
- X which make is executing.
- X
- X TMPFILE Is set to the name of the most recent tem-
- X porary file opened by dmake. Temporary files
- X are used for text diversions and for group
- X recipe processing.
- X
- X TMD Stands for "To Make Dir", and is the path from
- X the present directory (value of $(PWD)) to the
- X directory that dmake was started up in (value
- X of $(MAKEDIR)). This macro is modified when
- X .SETDIR attributes are processed.
- X
- X USESHELL The value of this macro is set to "yes" if the
- X current recipe is forced to use a shell for
- X its execution via the .USESHELL or '+' direc-
- X tives, its value is "no" otherwise.
- X
- X
- X The second group of string valued macros control dmake
- X behavior and may be set by the user.
- X
- X .SETDIR If this macro is assigned a value then dmake
- X will change to the directory given by that
- X value before making any targets.
- X
- X AUGMAKE If set to a non NULL value will enable the
- X transformation of special meta targets to
- X support special AUGMAKE inferences (See the
- X COMPATIBILITY section).
- X
- X DIRSEPSTR Contains the string that is used to separate
- X directory components when path names are
- X
- X
- X
- Version 3.70 UW 26
- X
- X
- X
- X
- DMAKE(p) Unsupported Free Software DMAKE(p)
- X
- X
- X
- X constructed. It is defined with a default
- X value at startup.
- X
- X DIVFILE Is defined in the startup file and gives the
- X name that should be returned for the diver-
- X sion file name when used in $(mktmp ...)
- X expansions, see the TEXT DIVERSION section
- X for details.
- X
- X .KEEP_STATE Assigning this macro a value tells dmake the
- X name of the state file to use and turns on
- X the keeping of state information for any
- X targets that are brought up to date by the
- X make.
- X
- X GROUPFLAGS This macro gives the set of flags to pass to
- X the shell when invoking it to execute a
- X group recipe. The value of the macro is the
- X list of flags with a leading switch indica-
- X tor. (ie. `-' under UNIX)
- X
- X GROUPSHELL This macro defines the full path to the exe-
- X cutable image to be used as the shell when
- X processing group recipes. This macro must
- X be defined if group recipes are used. It is
- X assigned a default value in the startup
- X makefile. Under UNIX this value is /bin/sh.
- X
- X GROUPSUFFIX If defined, this macro gives the string to
- X use as a suffix when creating group recipe
- SHAR_EOF
- true || echo 'restore of dmake/man/dmake.nc failed'
- fi
- echo 'End of part 13, continue with part 14'
- echo 14 > _shar_seq_.tmp
- exit 0
-
- exit 0 # Just in case...
- --
- Kent Landfield INTERNET: kent@sparky.IMD.Sterling.COM
- Sterling Software, IMD UUCP: uunet!sparky!kent
- Phone: (402) 291-8300 FAX: (402) 291-4362
- Please send comp.sources.misc-related mail to kent@uunet.uu.net.
-